Aula 33: Dominando os Phrasal Verbs Mais Comuns 🧩🗣️
(Mastering the Most Common Phrasal Verbs)
Bem-vindo(a) à Aula 33! ✨
Hoje, vamos mergulhar no mundo dos Phrasal Verbs (Verbos Frasais). Eles são extremamente comuns no inglês falado e escrito, especialmente em conversas do dia a dia, no trabalho e em viagens. Entender e usar phrasal verbs corretamente fará uma grande diferença na sua fluência e naturalidade. Vamos desvendá-los! 💬✈️🏢
33. Phrasal Verbs: O Que São e Como Usar
33.1 O Que São Phrasal Verbs? 🔗
Um Phrasal Verb é uma combinação de um verbo com uma ou duas partículas (geralmente uma preposição ou um advérbio). Essa combinação cria um novo significado, muitas vezes diferente do significado original do verbo sozinho.
Ex: look (olhar) → look for (procurar). / give (dar) → give up (desistir).
33.2 30 Phrasal Verbs Essenciais para o Dia a Dia
Vamos focar nos phrasal verbs mais comuns e úteis para conversas cotidianas, trabalho e viagens.
| Phrasal Verb | Significado Principal | Exemplo de Uso | Pronúncia (IPA / Simplificada) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ask someone out | Convidar para sair | He finally asked her out on a date. | /æskt hɜːr aʊt/(éskt rãr áut) |
| Break down | Quebrar (carro, máquina) | My car broke down on the highway. | /broʊk daʊn/(brôuk dáun) |
| Bring up | Mencionar um tópico | Don't bring up politics at dinner. | /brɪŋ ʌp/(brên âp) |
| Call back | Ligar de volta | I'll call you back in five minutes. | /kɔːl juː bæk/(cól iúu bék) |
| Call off | Cancelar | They had to call off the meeting. | /kɔːl ɔːf/(cól óf) |
| Calm down | Acalmar-se | Calm down and tell me what happened. | /kɑːm daʊn/(cám dáun) |
| Carry on | Continuar | Please carry on with your work. | /ˌkæri ˈɑːn/(ké-ri ón) |
| Check in | Fazer check-in | We need to check in at the hotel. | /tʃek ɪn/(tchék ên) |
| Check out | Fazer check-out; Verificar | We checked out of the hotel at noon. | /tʃekt aʊt/(tchédkt áut) |
| Come across | Encontrar por acaso | I came across an old photo of us. | /keɪm əˈkrɔːs/(kêim ã-crós) |
| Cut down on | Reduzir o consumo de | I'm trying to cut down on sugar. | /kʌt daʊn ɑːn/(cât dáun ón) |
| Deal with | Lidar com | You have to deal with this problem. | /diːl wɪð/(díil uêdh) |
| Figure out | Entender, resolver | I need to figure out how this works. | /ˈfɪɡjər aʊt/(fê-guiãr áut) |
| Fill out | Preencher (formulário) | Please fill out this application form. | /fɪl aʊt/(fêl áut) |
| Find out | Descobrir | I want to find out the truth. | /faɪnd aʊt/(fáind áut) |
| Get along with | Se dar bem com | She gets along with her colleagues. | /ɡets əˈlɔːŋ wɪð/(guéts ã-lón uêdh) |
| Get back | Voltar, retornar | What time did you get back last night? | /ɡet bæk/(guét bék) |
| Get over | Superar (doença, término) | It took him a long time to get over the flu. | /ɡet ˈoʊvər/(guét ôu-võr) |
| Get up | Levantar-se (da cama) | I have to get up early for work. | /ɡet ʌp/(guét âp) |
| Give up | Desistir | Don't give up on your goals. | /ɡɪv ʌp/(guêv âp) |
| Go on | Continuar; Acontecer | The show must go on. | /ɡoʊ ɑːn/(gôu ón) |
| Grow up | Crescer | I grew up in a small town. | /ɡruː ʌp/(grúu âp) |
| Hang out | Passar tempo junto | Let's hang out this weekend. | /hæŋ aʊt/(réng áut) |
| Hold on | Esperar | Hold on a minute, please. | /hoʊld ɑːn/(rôuld ón) |
| Look after | Cuidar de | She looks after her little brother. | /lʊks ˈæftər/(lúks éf-tãr) |
| Look for | Procurar | I'm looking for my wallet. | /ˈlʊkɪŋ fɔːr/(lú-kin fór) |
| Look forward to | Ansiar por (+ -ing) | I look forward to meeting you. | /lʊk ˈfɔːrwərd tuː/(lúk fór-uãrd túu) |
| Make up | Inventar (história); Fazer as pazes | He made up a story. / They finally made up. | /meɪd ʌp/(mêid âp) |
| Pick up | Pegar, buscar | Could you pick up some milk? | /pɪk ʌp/(pêk âp) |
| Put on | Vestir | Put on your coat, it's cold outside. | /pʊt ɑːn/(pút ón) |
| Run out of | Ficar sem (algo) | We have run out of coffee. | /rʌn aʊt əv/(rân áut óv) |
| Set up | Montar, configurar | We need to set up the new equipment. | /set ʌp/(sét âp) |
| Take off | Decolar; Tirar (roupa) | The plane will take off in an hour. | /teɪk ɔːf/(têik óf) |
| Turn on / Turn off | Ligar / Desligar | Please turn on the light. | /tɜːrn ɑːn/(tãrn ón) |
33.3 Phrasal Verbs Separáveis e Inseparáveis ↔️
Separáveis: O objeto pode vir entre o verbo e a partícula (Turn the TV on). Se o objeto for um pronome (it, them), ele DEVE vir no meio (Turn it on).
Inseparáveis: O objeto SEMPRE vem depois da partícula (Look for your keys. / Look for them.).
Vocabulário da Aula: Verbos e Partículas Comuns
Palavras de nível intermediário que frequentemente formam phrasal verbs.
| Português | Inglês (Tradução e Pronúncia) | Português | Inglês (Tradução e Pronúncia) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ligar (algo) | Switch on 🔊/swɪtʃ ɑːn/(suêtch ón) |
Desligar (algo) | Switch off 🔊/swɪtʃ ɔːf/(suêtch óf) |
| Adiar | Put off 🔊/pʊt ɔːf/(pút óf) |
Jogar fora | Throw away 🔊/θroʊ əˈweɪ/(thrôu ã-uêi) |
| Devolver | Give back 🔊/ɡɪv bæk/(guêv bék) |
Anotar | Write down 🔊/raɪt daʊn/(ráit dáun) |
| Experimentar (roupa) | Try on 🔊/traɪ ɑːn/(trái ón) |
Descobrir | Find out 🔊/faɪnd aʊt/(fáind áut) |
| Cuidar de | Look after 🔊/lʊk ˈæftər/(lúk éf-tãr) |
Procurar | Look for 🔊/lʊk fɔːr/(lúk fór) |
| Admirar | Look up to 🔊/lʊk ʌp tu/(lúk âp tú) |
Pesquisar (informação) | Look up 🔊/lʊk ʌp/(lúk âp) |
| Desistir de | Give up on 🔊/ɡɪv ʌp ɑːn/(guêv âp ón) |
Continuar (fazendo) | Keep on 🔊/kiːp ɑːn/(kíip ón) |
| Voltar | Come back 🔊/kʌm bæk/(câm bék) |
Entrar | Come in 🔊/kʌm ɪn/(câm ên) |
| Aparecer / Chegar | Show up 🔊/ʃoʊ ʌp/(xôu âp) |
Abaixar (volume) | Turn down 🔊/tɜːrn daʊn/(tãrn dáun) |
| Guardar | Put away 🔊/pʊt əˈweɪ/(pút ã-uêi) |
Tirar (do caminho) | Take away 🔊/teɪk əˈweɪ/(têik ã-uêi) |
| Encher (tanque) | Fill up 🔊/fɪl ʌp/(fêl âp) |
Desligar (emocionalmente) | Shut down 🔊/ʃʌt daʊn/(xât dáun) |
| Entregar (trabalho) | Hand in 🔊/hænd ɪn/(rénd ên) |
Distribuir | Hand out 🔊/hænd aʊt/(rénd áut) |
| Fugir | Get away 🔊/ɡet əˈweɪ/(guét ã-uêi) |
Passar (tempo) | Pass time 🔊/pæs taɪm/(pés táim) |
| Ficar para trás | Fall behind 🔊/fɔːl bɪˈhaɪnd/(fól bi-ráind) |
Superar | Get through 🔊/ɡet θruː/(guét thrúu) |
| Explodir | Blow up 🔊/bloʊ ʌp/(blôu âp) |
Terminar (relacionamento) | Break up 🔊/breɪk ʌp/(brêik âp) |
Tarefa Extra ✍️
Translate the Text
Read the text below about a busy day at work and planning a trip. Pay close attention to the phrasal verbs. Then, try to translate it into Portuguese.
My day started when I had to wake up at 6 AM. After I got up, I quickly put on my work clothes. I almost ran out of coffee, so I had to write down "coffee" on the shopping list. At work, my car broke down in the parking lot, which was a terrible start. I had to call a mechanic back later.
The first thing I did was turn on my computer. I needed to look for an important file. My boss came over and asked me to look after a new client who was visiting. During our meeting, we had to deal with a few complex issues, but we managed to figure out a solution together.
Later, my friend texted me about our holiday plans. He said we needed to set up our accommodation soon. I told him I would check out some hotels online. I am really looking forward to this trip. I hope we don't have to call it off for any reason.
In the afternoon, there was an unexpected problem, and we had to put off our team meeting until Friday. It was difficult, but we decided to carry on with our individual tasks. I never give up easily. Before leaving, I had to fill out a report. Finally, I remembered to turn off my computer and all the lights. My friend was waiting to pick me up. We're planning to hang out and just relax after a long week.
Quiz
What was the first thing the person did at work, according to the text?
Exercícios Práticos Finais 📝
Parte 1: Escolha o Phrasal Verb Correto
Complete as frases com a opção correta.
- Could you please (turn on / look for) the air conditioning?
- I need to (give up / find out) what time our flight departs.
- Don't forget to (take off / put on) your jacket.
Respostas da Parte 1: 1. turn on, 2. find out, 3. put on.
Conclusão 🥳
Parabéns por concluir a Aula 33! Você deu um passo importante para entender e usar os Phrasal Verbs, que são uma parte essencial do inglês cotidiano. A chave é a prática constante e a exposição ao idioma.
Na Aula 34: "Confirmando e Interagindo – Question Tags", vamos aprender a adicionar pequenas perguntas ao final das frases. Até lá!
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